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  • Krevadpatron All


     
    IDnumber179
    CaliberKrevadpatron
    ModelKrevadpatron m/1896
    Projectile form
    Projectile weight
    Projectile material
    Projectile typeKrevadpatron
    Colour markings
    V0 mps
    V0 fps-
    Propellant
    Propellant weight Gram
    Propellant weight Grain-
    The model m/1896 krevadpatron is not of the function we think of today in Sweden, a grenade fired from a purposely built rifle and where the grenade do detonate in mid air. This krevadpatron were put on the hook of a long pole best translated as "detonation pole" (Krevad påle) and then ignited with a fiction igniter via a lanyard. The devices is clearly described in the Handbook for the field artillery chapter two 1890 ( Handbok för fältartelleriet kapitel två 1890). It is actually quite odd of the model year. In the handbook of 1890 the grenade is without designation, while on Arme'museum's site it is designated m/1896. I have seen it before, sometimes there is a gap between the introduction, and the time to be established with model number.

    The igniter/cartridge were not so secure, and more than one accident occurred. One accident is reported of in 1892, injuring Johan Gustaf Karlsson Hagberg as told on this site: 
    http://www.tjelvar.se/biografica/akter-1/1658.htm
    (Translated by me as good as I can from an elderly Swedish): By an exploding Krevadpatron the other day, (Wednesday 18/5) at the old artillery yard, were the artillerist at Gotlands artillerikår Hagberg pretty injured. The accident occurred when the igniter were pushed into the Krevadpatron. Hagberg got the left hand severely injured, were a finger might be amputated, and he also received wounds in his face, especially on his left cheek and also a big burn mark on his left thigh. Lucky enough no larger quantity of gun powder were near by. As well known, the awful accident at Waxholms citadel 1887 were started by a exploding krevadpatron. (Gotlands Allehanda 23/5 1892)

    A second accident were leathal. At 16:45 in 11th of August 1887 a detonation killed 19 persons and injured several at Vaxholms fästning. During the work to arm 300 pcs of krevadpatroner with the igniters, all the krevadpatroner detonated (30 kg of black powder) together with 300 drill chargers with in total 391 kg black powder. The shed that was used during this day due to rain were totally destroyed.
    http://smvu.se/registerkort-nr-b61/

    To better understand what this cartridge and igniter is all about, I have made an as straight translation as possible of the description of the krevadpatron from the text of "Handbok för fältartelleriet chapter 2 of 1890":

    To mark a (artillery) detonation at training, there is used a krevadpatron. It is built using a hollow paper cube containing 0,1 kg of rifle powder, and on the outside a tight wraparound of in glue drenched strong cable yarn. At the last turn of the yarn is made a loop, were the krevadpatron can be hanged on the hook of a pole (Krevadpåle).
    When the krevadpatron is to be armed, which is not done until time to be handled out to be used, a hole is done with a pointy brass punch through the yarn and paper cube of a size were the friction igniter easily can be inserted to the rifle powder. Thereafter the tubes two loops are used to secure the tube in the outer yarn of the krevadpatron. For the fusing is used fyrrör för krevadpatron (Friction igniter for krevadpatron).

    Fyrrör for krevadpatroner (Friction tube)
    This is made out of a 65 mm long outer casing, were a friction compound is in the upper part and the rest of the compartment is filled with approximately 0,5 gram of rifle powder held in place with a bottom plug made of mastic.  
    The outer compartment (a) is made of the hollow shaft of a goose feather, were the upper part is sealed with a wooden plug with a centrally drilled hole (b), secured with a tightly wrapped copper thread. The wooden plug is also a support for the compound housing were the fiction device is pulled through the same and the igniter compound. Two thin brass loops (c) is attached to the copper wiring, and they are used to secure the friction igniter in the Krevadpatron at ignition.
    The friction gear is composed of a compound tube, friction ignition compound and a friction bar.
    The compound tube (d) is as the outer compartment made of a hollow shaft of a goes feather and is fully filled with a friction sensitive compound of the same type as found in the fyrrör m/85.
    The friction bar is made of a 1,5 mm thick copper tread, were the bottom part, embedded in the friction compound, is flattened and the edges is serrated and at the out most end is forming a tongue that is bent onto the outside of the compound tube and there bent around the edge and squeezed tightly to give needed security to the device while handled; The topmost part of the friction pole goes through the wooden plug and ends in a loop, used to connect to the hook of the firing string.
    The compound socket is held in place against the wooden plug with a thick layer of shellac put on the wooden plugs surface and around the friction bar..

    ----------
    At firing, the little tongue in the end of the friction bar is straightened out, and the serrated part is pulled through the friction compound, that will explode and ignite the rifle powder in the outer housing. 
    Packaging:  Fyrrör for krevadpatroner is stored in gray wrap, so called karduser, 15 pieces in each kardus.
    Comment: Trials is performed with a new type of fyrrör for krevadpatroner, were the main difference is, that the outer housing is made of paper instead of a hollow shaft of a goose pen, and that the compound housing is made of brass.


    There is several examples of Fyrsnöre to be found in www.digitalmuseum.se, please look for the numbers AM.074263, AM.074261 and AM.074262
    This is a 2,5 meter or 1,5 meter long rope with an iron hook in the end. It is used to ignite the Krevadpatron m/1896.


    The Nordisk familjebok 1876-1899 (Dictionary) explains the krevadpatron in the following way:
    Krevadpatron is a in glue drenched hemp string wrapped load of gunpowder, that is ignited with a friction igniter. The amount of gunpowder resembles in weight with a real grenade to give a resembling smoke cloud. Krevadpatroner is used within the artillery training to practice the judgement of distance and at adjustment of fire to mark the projectiles detonation.

    The image is loaned with courtecy from the Armemuseum collections.


     
    IDnumber181
    CaliberKrevadpatron
    ModelKrevadpatron m/13 and m/16
    Projectile form
    Projectile weight
    Projectile material
    Projectile typeGrenade
    Colour markings
    V0 mps
    V0 fps-
    Propellant
    Propellant weight Gram
    Propellant weight Grain-
    The m/13 and the m/16 Krevadpatron is the same artillery simulation cartridge, only designated in different ways when used in different krevadkarbin rifles. The designations in use were m/13 when used with the 12,7 mm caliber rifle system, and as m/16 when used with the 6,5x55 system. The difference in designation is due to that the rifle grenade cartridge is packed together with the Krevadpatron.

    The m/16 krevadkarbinpatron weights 165 gram and contains 75 gram of large flaked black powder (styckekrut). The bottom part is turned from a piece of wood. The wooden piece is going approximately to the half of the grenade.  In the center of the wooden piece, aligned with the barrel of the rifle, ther is a ignition canal. The flame from the rifle ignites 10 cm of a black match fuse and as a delay fuse is used 1 cm of safety fuse. [3] The upper part of the grenade is made of paper wrap containing the black powder, tied in place with thin string.

    Time to detonation is about 2 seconds, and the distance to detonation is about 80 meters. If not detonated the distance of the throw will be about 130 meters.

    The Krevadpatron m/16 can be found in the Amkat catalogs until 1954.

    The crate used for packaging has changed somewhat during the years. Amkat of 1942 states that the Krevadpatron is packed in different types of crates. In Amkat 1948-49 they state them to be packed as 42 pieces in ammunition crate m/98. In 1954 they changed the numbers to 36 pieces in a ammunition crate m/98.


    The image is loaned with courtecy from Armemuseum collections.


     
    IDnumber182
    CaliberKrevadpatron
    ModelKrevadpatron m/16b
    Projectile form
    Projectile weight
    Projectile material
    Projectile typeGrenade
    Colour markings
    V0 mps
    V0 fps-
    Propellant
    Propellant weight Gram
    Propellant weight Grain-
    There is also a Krevadkarbinpatron m/16b in existence, only mentioned as a note in AmReg 1949 and 1954. The model "b" seems to of been in a bit of a co existence withe the "a" model, before the m/52 took over.
    There are no picture of a model "b" in the amreg/Amkat catalogs, and no further texts of functionality. My best guess is that the "b" model functions as the first type, but have a simplified wooden bottom plate. There are pictures of a type with more straight cuts on digitalweb.se without a clear statement of type.


     
    IDnumber183
    CaliberKrevadpatron
    ModelKrevadpatron m/16c
    Projectile form
    Projectile weight
    Projectile material
    Projectile type
    Colour markings
    V0 mps
    V0 fps-
    Propellant
    Propellant weight Gram
    Propellant weight Grain-
    The Krevadpatron m/16c is of the same specifications as the m/16, loaded with black powder and gives a bang and a smoke cloud after about 2-3 seconds. This grenade also weights 165 gram. [5]
    The difference is all in the construction of the wooden bottom part that has a new forming, and a simplified and modernized ignition of a straight model, a metal tube fixed in the wooden bottom containing ignition and delay components.
    The m/16c is only found in the Amkat catalog of 1960, while a drawing exists from 1950. It seems like it co existed for a while with the krevadpatron m/52.
    The cartridge were distributed in the crate m/52, packed with 48 grenades.
    1960 ptr låda m/98 48 st


     
    IDnumber184
    CaliberKrevadpatron
    ModelKrevadpatron m/52
    Projectile form
    Projectile weight
    Projectile material
    Projectile type
    Colour markings
    V0 mps
    V0 fps-
    Propellant
    Propellant weight Gram
    Propellant weight Grain-
    The m/53 model weight's 165 gram and contains 75 gram of flaked black powder(styckekrut) and "grass hoppers".
    The grenade gives a whistling sound, a bang and smoke cloud followed by small clattering explosions. 
    [5]
    Both the m/16 and m/52 is intended for the krevadkarbin m/16

    5] Amregister 1960


     
    IDnumber185
    CaliberKrevadpatron
    ModelKrevadpatron m/5
    Projectile form
    Projectile weight
    Projectile material
    Projectile type
    Colour markings
    V0 mps
    V0 fps-
    Propellant
    Propellant weight Gram
    Propellant weight Grain-
    Krevadpatron 5 is used with Krevadkarbin m/2 and uses standard 6,5 mm m/14 blank ammunition as the rifle grenade cartridge. It weight's 0,09 kg and contains 30 gram of black powder and "grass hoppers". After about 2 seconds it delivers a bang, a cloud of smoke and a clattering sound. [6]


    [6] AMKAT 1975



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    The Swedish military ammunition site

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